ABSTRACT
When this paper was first published the following ethical statement was omitted in error: All animal experimental protocols were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, Approval NO: 048483). Further, all methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. NIH mice were purchased from the Guangdong Medical Laboratory Animal Center (Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, Certificate NO.44007200031795). The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.
ABSTRACT
AIM To establish the UPLC fingerprints of Jasminum elongatum (Bergium) Wild.and to determine the contents of isochlorogenic acid B and ethylcaffeate.METHODS The analysis of methanol extract of J.elongatum was developed on a 25 ℃ thermostatic Agilent Ecplise XDB-C18 column (2.1 mm × 100 mm,1.7 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of acetonitrile-0.1％ methanoic acid flowing at 0.5 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and the detection wavelength was set at 260 nm.RESULTS There were eighteen common peaks in the fingerprints of ten batches of samples,with the similarities of more than 0.85.Isochlorogenic acid B and ethylcaffeate showed good linear relationships within the ranges of 7.67-38.35 μg/mL (R2 =0.999 4),9.60-96.0 μg/mL (R2 =0.999 7),whose average recoveries were 98.61％,99.09％ with the RSDs of 0.84％,1.25％,respectively.CONCLUSION This stable and reliable method can be used for the quality control of J.elongatum.
ABSTRACT
The chemical constituents of Sabia limoniacea var. ardisioides were investigated using chromatographic methods, such as silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and preparative HPLC. Eight compounds were isolated and their structures were elucidated by spectral data and physicochemical properties, which were identified as 5-methoxy-1,2-methylenedioxyl oxoaporphine (1), fuseine (2), N-p-feruloyltyramine (3), N-trans-coumaroyl tyramin (4), quercetin (5), rutin (6), mutabiloside (7), and protocatechuic acid (8). Among those, compound 1 is a new compound, compounds 2−8 were isolated from this plant for the first time.
ABSTRACT
Phyllanthus Urinaria L. (PUL) is a traditional Chinese medicine used to treat hepatic and renal disorders. However, the mechanism of its hepatoprotective action is not fully understood. In the present study, blood biochemical indexes and liver histopathological changes were used to estimate the extent of hepatic injury. GC/MS and LC/MS-based untargeted metabolomics were used in combination to characterize the potential biomarkers associated with the protective activity of PUL against CCl-induced liver injury in rats. PUL treatment could reverse the increase in ALT, AST and ALP induced by CCl and attenuate the pathological changes in rat liver. Significant changes in liver metabolic profiling were observed in PUL-treated group compared with liver injury model group. Seventeen biomarkers related to the hepatoprotective effects of PUL against CCl-induced liver injury were screened out using nonparametric test and Pearson's correlation analysis (OPLS-DA). The results suggested that the potential hepatoprotective effects of PUL in attenuating CCl-induced hepatotoxicity could be partially attributed to regulating L-carnitine, taurocholic acid, and amino acids metabolism, which may become promising targets for treatment of liver toxicity. In conclusion, this study provides new insights into the mechanism of the hepatoprotection of Phyllanthus Urinaria.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Male , Rats , Amino Acids , Metabolism , Carbon Tetrachloride , Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury , Metabolism , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry , Liver , Metabolism , Metabolomics , Phyllanthus , Chemistry , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Taurocholic Acid , MetabolismABSTRACT
AIM@#To synthesize three novel esterified-derivatives of mangiferin and evaluate their hypoglycemic activities.@*METHODS@#Acetic, propionic, and butyric anhydride were reacted with mangiferin, respectively. The hypoglycemic activity of the derivatives was evaluated using a hyperglycemic mouse model induced by streptozotocin (STZ), and the islet cells were checked by biopsy inspection.@*RESULTS@#7, 2', 3', 4', 6'-penta-acetyl-mangiferin (PAM), 3, 6, 7, 2', 3', 4', 6'-hepta-propionyl-mangiferin (HPM) and 3, 6, 7, 2', 3', 4'-hexa-butyryl-mangiferin (HBM) were synthesized and their structures were identified by MS,(1)H, (13)C NMR, and 2D NMR. These three compounds were reported for the first time. PAM group (0.5, 0.25 mmol·kg(-1)), HPM group (0.5, 0.25 mmol·kg(-1)), and HBM group (0.5, 0.25, 0.125 mmol·kg(-1)) mice showed strong hypoglycemic activity (P < 0.01); mangiferin group (1, 0.5 mmol·kg(-1)), PAM group (0.125 mmol·kg(-1)) and HPM group (0.125 mmol·kg(-1)) showed marginal hypoglycemic activity (P < 0.05); mangiferin group (0.25 mmol·kg(-1)) had the potential for a hypoglycemic effect, although it did not demonstrate that statistically. In histological examination, the islet cells of the PAM, HPM, and HBM groups could recover from the STZ damage; islet cells of the mangiferin group could recover also, but less than the esterified-derivative groups.@*CONCLUSION@#Derivatives could repair the damaged islet cells, and had higher lipid-solubility and stronger hypoglycemic activity than mangiferin itself. There existed a structure activity effect, and a solubility effect relationship: the larger esterification moieties, or the higher lipid-solubility, the stronger the hypoglycemic activity (no ester → acetyl → propionyl → butyryl). Esterified derivatives of mangiferin are potential compounds for new anti-diabetes drugs.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Male , Mice , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental , Drug Therapy , Esterification , Hypoglycemic Agents , Chemistry , Islets of Langerhans , Molecular Structure , Xanthones , ChemistryABSTRACT
To study the chemical constituents of the traditional Chinese herb Baeckea Frutescens L., a new flavonol glycoside, named 6, 8-dimethylkaempferol-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside (1), together with seven known compounds: quercetin (2), quercetin-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside (3), myricetin (4), myricetin-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside (5), gallic acid (6), ursolic acid (7) and 1,3-dihydroxy-2-(2'-methoxylpropionyl)-5-methoxy-6-methylbenzene (8) were isolated by using silica gel column chromatography, polyamide column chromatography and recrytallization. Their structures were identified on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectroscopic analysis. Among them, compounds 2-7 were isolated from this plant for the first time and compound 8 was first isolated from plant.
Subject(s)
Flavonoids , Chemistry , Flavonols , Chemistry , Glycosides , Chemistry , Kaempferols , Chemistry , Molecular Structure , Myrtaceae , Chemistry , Plants, Medicinal , Chemistry , Quercetin , Chemistry , Toluene , Chemistry , Triterpenes , ChemistryABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To provide scientific methods for quality criterion by studying the chemical components of essential oil from Baeckea frutescens.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The chemical components of essential oil from B. frutescens were identified by GC-MS-DS, TLC and capillary GC. The relative contents of main components were determined by area normalization.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>More than 50 peaks were separated, and 38 components were identified, which accounted for over 94% of the total GC peaks areas of the essential oil. The methods for quality evaluation of essential oil from B. frutescens by TLC and capillary GC were established.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The chemical components of essential oil from B. frutescens collected from different habitats and collecting periods have common characteristics as well as differences. Some components, such as linalool, can be used as a standard and chromatography fingerprint to analyze the quality of essential oil from B. frutescens.</p>